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{"id":1236,"date":"2012-04-29T17:41:14","date_gmt":"2012-04-29T21:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/leandresz.com\/?page_id=1236"},"modified":"2012-05-26T08:10:47","modified_gmt":"2012-05-26T12:10:47","slug":"bienheureux-jean-paul-ii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/vie-chretienne\/saints\/bienheureux-jean-paul-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:fr-->Bienheureux Jean-Paul II<!--:--><!--:en-->Blessed John-Paul II<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--:fr--><div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\">\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><dl id=\"attachment_384\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 336px;\"><dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/leandresz.com\/vie-chretienne\/saints\/john-paul-2\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-384\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-384\" title=\"Bienheureux Jean-Paul II\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/leandresz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?resize=326%2C480\" alt=\"\" width=\"326\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?w=326&amp;ssl=1 326w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?resize=135%2C200&amp;ssl=1 135w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/dt><\/dl><\/div>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Karol J\u00f3zef Wojty\u0142a, devenu Jean-Paul II \u00e0 son \u00e9lection au Si\u00e8ge apostolique d&#8217;octobre 1978, est n\u00e9 le 18 mai 1920 \u00e0 Wadowice, petite ville situ\u00e9e \u00e0 50 km de Cracovie. Il est le plus jeune des trois enfants de Karol Wojty\u0142a et d&#8217;Emilie Kaczorowska. Sa m\u00e8re mourut en 1929. Son fr\u00e8re a\u00een\u00e9 Edmund, qui fut m\u00e9decin, est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en 1932, leur p\u00e8re, ancien Sous-officier, en 1941. Leur s\u0153ur Olga \u00e9tait d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e avant sa naissance.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il fut baptis\u00e9 le 20 juin 1920, dans l&#8217;Eglise paroissiale de Wadowice, par le pr\u00eatre Fran\u00e7ois<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Zak, fit sa Premi\u00e8re Communion \u00e0 9 ans et re\u00e7ut la Confirmation \u00e0 18 ans. Conclues ses \u00e9tudes secondaires pr\u00e8s l&#8217;Ecole Marcin Wadowita de Wadowice, il s&#8217;inscrit en 1938 \u00e0 l&#8217;Universit\u00e9 Jagellon de Cracovie et \u00e0 un cours de th\u00e9\u00e2tre.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">L&#8217;Universit\u00e9 ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 ferm\u00e9e en 1939 par l&#8217;occupant nazi, le jeune Karol d\u00fbt travailler sur un chantier de l&#8217;usine chimique Solvay afin de gagner sa vie et d&#8217;\u00e9chapper \u00e0 la d\u00e9portation en Allemagne.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 2\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">A compter de 1942, ressentant sa vocation au sacerdoce, il suivit les cours de formation du S\u00e9minaire clandestin de Cracovie. Il fut \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque l&#8217;un des promoteurs du Th\u00e9\u00e2tre Rapsodique, lui aussi clandestin.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre Mondiale, il poursuivit ses \u00e9tudes pr\u00e8s le Grand S\u00e9minaire de Cracovie \u00e0 peine r\u00e9ouvert, mais \u00e9galement \u00e0 la Facult\u00e9 de th\u00e9ologie de l&#8217;Universit\u00e9 Jagellon, jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 son ordination sacerdotale survenue \u00e0 Cracovie le 1er novembre 1946 des mains du Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il fut ensuite envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 Rome par le Cardinal Sapieha et poursuivit ses \u00e9tudes doctorales sous la direction du Dominicain fran\u00e7ais, le P.Garrigou-Lagrange. Il soutint en 1948 sa th\u00e8se en th\u00e9ologie consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 la Foi dans l&#8217;oeuvre de saint Jean-de-la-Croix (Doctrina de fide apud Sanctum Ioannem a Cruce). Durant ce s\u00e9jour romain, il occupa son temps libre pour exercer son minist\u00e8re pastoral aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9migr\u00e9s polonais de France, de Belgique et des Pays-Bas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il rentra en 1948 en Pologne pour \u00eatre vicaire en diverses paroisses de Cracovie et Aum\u00f4nier des \u00e9tudiants jusqu&#8217;en 1951 lorsqu&#8217;il reprit ses \u00e9tudes philosophiques et th\u00e9ologiques. En 1953, il soutint pr\u00e8s l&#8217;Universit\u00e9 catholique de Lublin une th\u00e8se intitul\u00e9e &#8220;Mise en valeur de la possibilit\u00e9 de fonder une \u00e9thique catholique sur la base du syst\u00e8me \u00e9thique de Max Scheler&#8221;. Il acc\u00e9da ensuite \u00e0 l&#8217;enseignement professoral de la th\u00e9ologie morale et d&#8217;\u00e9thique sociale au Grand S\u00e9minaire de Cracovie et \u00e0 la Facult\u00e9 de th\u00e9ologie de Lublin.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Le 4 juillet 1958, Pie XII le nomma Ev\u00eaque titulaire de Ombi et auxiliaire de Cracovie et, le 28 septembre suivant, il re\u00e7ut la cons\u00e9cration \u00e9piscopale des mains de l&#8217;Archev\u00eaque Eugeniusz Baziak, en la cath\u00e9drale du Wawel (Cracovie).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 3\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/leandresz.com\/?attachment_id=826\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-826\" title=\"Jean-Paul II-1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/leandresz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1-200x325.jpg?resize=200%2C325\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1.jpg?resize=200%2C325&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1.jpg?w=485&amp;ssl=1 485w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a>Le 13 janvier 1964, il fut nomm\u00e9 Archev\u00eaque de Cracovie par Paul VI qui, le 26 juin 1967, l&#8217;\u00e9leva au cardinalat, du titre de S.Cesareo in Palatio, une diaconie \u00e9lev\u00e9e au rang presbyt\u00e9ral pro illa vice.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\"> Apr\u00e8s avoir particip\u00e9 au Concile Vatican II (1962-1965), o\u00f9 il offrit notamment une importante contribution \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9laboration de la constitution Gaudium et spes, le Cardinal Wojty\u0142a prit part \u00e0 toutes les assembl\u00e9es du Synode des Ev\u00eaques.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Au cours du second Conclave de 1978, il fut \u00e9lu Pape par les Cardinaux le 16 octobre et prit le nom de Jean-Paul II. Le 22 octobre, Jour du Seigneur, il entamait solennellement son minist\u00e8re p\u00e9trinien de 263o successeur de l&#8217;Ap\u00f4tre Pierre. Son pontificat de pr\u00e8s de 27 ann\u00e9es allait \u00eatre l&#8217;un des plus longs de l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;Eglise.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Jean-Paul II a exerc\u00e9 le minist\u00e8re p\u00e9trinien avec un inlassable esprit missionnaire, prodiguant toutes ses \u00e9nergies pouss\u00e9 par la sollicitude pastorale envers toutes les Eglises et par la charit\u00e9 ouverte \u00e0 l&#8217;humanit\u00e9 tout enti\u00e8re. En 26 ann\u00e9es de pontificat, le Pape Jean-Paul II a accompli 104 voyages apostoliques hors d&#8217;Italie et 146 visites dans ce pays. Comme Ev\u00eaque de Rome, il a visit\u00e9 317 des 333 paroisses de son dioc\u00e8se.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Plus qu&#8217;aucun de ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs, il a rencontr\u00e9 le Peuple de Dieu et les Responsables des nations: aux 1166 audiences g\u00e9n\u00e9rales du mercredi ont particip\u00e9 plus de 17.600.000 p\u00e8lerins, sans compter toutes les autres audiences sp\u00e9ciales et les c\u00e9r\u00e9monies religieuses [plus de 8 millions de p\u00e8lerins seulement au cours du Grand Jubil\u00e9 de l\u2019An 2000]; outre les millions de fid\u00e8les qu\u2019il a rencontr\u00e9s au cours de ses visites pastorales en Italie et dans le monde.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 4\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Nombreuses sont les personnalit\u00e9s gouvernementales re\u00e7ues en audience: il suffit de rappeler les 38 visites officielles et les 738 audiences ou rencontres de chefs d\u2019Etat, ainsi que les 246 audiences et rencontres de premiers ministres.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Son amour pour les jeunes l&#8217;a pouss\u00e9 \u00e0 lancer en 1985 les Journ\u00e9es mondiales de la Jeunesse, et les 19 JMJ de son pontificat ont rassembl\u00e9 des millions de jeunes dans diverses parties du monde. D&#8217;autre part, son attention \u00e0 la famille s&#8217;est exprim\u00e9e par la tenue de Rencontres mondiales des Familles entreprises \u00e0 son initiative en 1994.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il a promu avec succ\u00e8s le dialogue avec les juifs et avec les repr\u00e9sentants des autres religions, les invitant parfois \u00e0 des rencontres de pri\u00e8re pour la paix, en particulier \u00e0 Assise.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Sous sa direction l&#8217;Eglise s&#8217;est approch\u00e9e du troisi\u00e8me mill\u00e9naire et a c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9 le grand Jubil\u00e9 de l&#8217;An 2000, selon les orientations indiqu\u00e9es dans la Lettre apostolique Tertio Millennio adveniente. Celle-ci s&#8217;est ensuite ouverte \u00e0 la nouvelle \u00e9poque, en recevant ses indications dans la Lettre apostolique Novo Millennio ineunte, dans laquelle il montrait aux fid\u00e8les le chemin de l&#8217;avenir.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Avec l&#8217;Ann\u00e9e de la R\u00e9demption, l&#8217;Ann\u00e9e mariale et l&#8217;Ann\u00e9e de l&#8217;Eucharistie il a promu le renouveau spirituel de l&#8217;Eglise.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il a donn\u00e9 une impulsion extraordinaire aux canonisations et aux b\u00e9atifications, pour montrer d&#8217;innombrables exemples de la saintet\u00e9 d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui, qui soient un encouragement pour les hommes de notre temps. Jean-Paul II a proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 147 c\u00e9r\u00e9monies de b\u00e9atification (1338 Bienheureux) et \u00e0 51 de canonisation (482 Saints). Il a proclam\u00e9 Docteur de l&#8217;Eglise sainte<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 5\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Th\u00e9r\u00e8se de l&#8217;Enfant-J\u00e9sus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il a consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9largi le Coll\u00e8ge des Cardinaux, en a cr\u00e9ant 231 en 9 Consistoires, plus 1 in pectore, dont le nom n&#8217;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9. Il a \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 6 r\u00e9unions pl\u00e9ni\u00e8res du Sacr\u00e9 Coll\u00e8ge.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Jean-Paul II a pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 15 Synodes des Ev\u00eaques: 6 Assembl\u00e9es ordinaires (1980, 1983, 1987, 1990, 1994 et 2001), 1 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale extraordinaire (1985), 8 sp\u00e9ciales (1980, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998 [2] et 1999).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Au nombre de ses documents majeurs, on compte 14 encycliques, 15 exhortations apostoliques, 11 constitutions apostoliques et 45 lettres apostoliques.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Il a promulgu\u00e9 le Cat\u00e9chisme de l&#8217;Eglise catholique, \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de la Tradition, interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e avec autorit\u00e9 par le Concile Vatican II. Il a \u00e9galement r\u00e9form\u00e9 le Codes de droit canonique latin et oriental, a cr\u00e9\u00e9 de nouvelles institutions et r\u00e9organis\u00e9 la Curie romaine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">A titre priv\u00e9, en tant que Docteur, a \u00e9galement publi\u00e9 cinq livres: &#8220;Entrer dans l&#8217;esp\u00e9rance&#8221; (octobre 1994); &#8220;Don et Myst\u00e8re: en ce 50 anniversaire de mon ordination sacerdotale&#8221; (novembre 1996); \u201cTriptyque romain\u201d- M\u00e9ditations po\u00e9tiques (mars 2003); \u201cLevez-vous et allons!\u201d (mai 2004) et \u201cM\u00e9moire et Identit\u00e9\u201d (f\u00e9vrier 2005).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Jean-Paul II est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 au Vatican le 2 avril 2005 \u00e0 21 h 37&#8242;, tandis qu&#8217;on entrait d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans le Jour du Seigneur, Octave de P\u00e2ques et Dimanche de la Divine Mis\u00e9ricorde.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div title=\"Page 6\">\r\n<div>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Les fun\u00e9railles de Jean-Paul II se sont d\u00e9roul\u00e9es le 8 avril 2005, alors que depuis son d\u00e9c\u00e8s plus de trois millions de fid\u00e8les \u00e9taient venus \u00e0 Rome saluer sa d\u00e9pouille, attendant jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 24 heures avant d&#8217;entrer dans la Basilique St. Pierre.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Le 28 avril, le nouveau Pape Beno\u00eet XVI a accord\u00e9 la dispense des 5 ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mort pour l&#8217;ouverture de la Cause en b\u00e9atification-canonisation de Jean-Paul II. La proc\u00e9dure canonique a \u00e9t\u00e9 ouverte le 28 juin suivant par le Cardinal Camillo Ruini, Vicaire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour le dioc\u00e8se de Rome. Et le 1er Mai 2011, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 b\u00e9atifi\u00e9 sur la place Saint Pierre de Rome au Vatican.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un retour sur la vie et le pontificat du Bienheureux Pape Jean-Paul II est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 via la vid\u00e9o suivante :<\/p>\r\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kUGf94alxe8\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"425\" height=\"350\"><\/iframe><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><!--:--><!--:en--><div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><dl id=\"attachment_384\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 336px;\"><dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"http:\/\/leandresz.com\/vie-chretienne\/saints\/john-paul-2\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-384\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-384\" title=\"Bienheureux Jean-Paul II\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/leandresz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?resize=326%2C480\" alt=\"\" width=\"326\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?w=326&amp;ssl=1 326w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/john-paul-2.jpg?resize=135%2C200&amp;ssl=1 135w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/dt><\/dl><\/div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\"><strong>Karol J\u00f3zef Wojty\u0142a<\/strong>, known as John Paul II since his October 1978 election to the papacy, was born in the Polish town of Wadowice, a small city 50 kilometers from Krakow, on May 18, 1920. He was the youngest of three children born to Karol Wojty\u0142a and Emilia Kaczorowska. His mother died in 1929. His eldest brother Edmund, a doctor, died in 1932 and his father, a non-commissioned army officer died in 1941. A sister, Olga, had died before he was born.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He was baptized on June 20, 1920 in the parish church of Wadowice by Fr. Franciszek Zak, made his First Holy Communion at age 9 and was confirmed at 18. Upon graduation from Marcin Wadowita high school in Wadowice, he enrolled in Krakow&#8217;s Jagiellonian University in 1938 and in a school for drama.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">The Nazi occupation forces closed the university in 1939 and young Karol had to work in a quarry (1940-1944) and then in the Solvay chemical factory to earn his living and to avoid being deported to Germany.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">In 1942, aware of his call to the priesthood, he began courses in the clandestine seminary of Krakow, run by Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha, archbishop of Krakow. At the same time, Karol Wojty\u0142a was one of the pioneers of the &#8220;Rhapsodic Theatre,&#8221; also clandestine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">After the Second World War, he continued his studies in the major seminary of Krakow, once it had re-opened, and in the faculty of theology of the Jagiellonian University. He was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Sapieha in Krakow on November 1, 1946.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Shortly afterwards, Cardinal Sapieha sent him to Rome where he worked under the guidance of the French Dominican, Garrigou-Lagrange. He finished his doctorate in theology in 1948 with a thesis on the subject of faith in the works of St. John of the Cross (Doctrina de fide apud Sanctum Ioannem a Cruce). At that time, during his vacations, he exercised his pastoral ministry among the Polish immigrants of France, Belgium and Holland.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">In 1948 he returned to Poland and was vicar of various parishes in Krakow as well as chaplain to university students. This period lasted until 1951 when he again took up his studies in philosophy and theology. In 1953 he defended a thesis on &#8220;evaluation of the possibility of founding a Catholic ethic on the ethical system of Max Scheler&#8221; at Lublin Catholic University. Later he became professor of moral theology and social ethics in the major seminary of Krakow and in the Faculty of Theology of Lublin.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">On July 4, 1958, he was appointed titular bishop of Ombi and auxiliary of Krakow by Pope Pius XII, and was consecrated September 28, 1958, in Wawel Cathedral, Krakow, by Archbishop Eugeniusz Baziak.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/leandresz.com\/vie-chretienne\/saints\/bienheureux-jean-paul-ii\/jean-paul-ii-1\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-826\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-826\" title=\"Jean-Paul II-1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/leandresz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1-200x325.jpg?resize=200%2C325\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1.jpg?resize=200%2C325&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/syrieix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/Jean-Paul-II-1.jpg?w=485&amp;ssl=1 485w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a>On January 13, 1964, he was appointed archbishop of Krakow by Pope Paul VI, who made him a cardinal June 26, 1967 with the title of S. Cesareo in Palatio of the order of deacons, later elevated pro illa vice to the order of priests.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Besides taking part in Vatican Council II (1962-1965) where he made an important contribution to drafting the Constitution Gaudium et spes, Cardinal Wojty\u0142a participated in all the assemblies of the Synod of Bishops.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">The Cardinals elected him Pope at the Conclave of 16 October 1978, and he took the name of John Paul II. On 22 October, the Lord&#8217;s Day, he solemnly inaugurated his Petrine ministry as the 263rd successor to the Apostle. His pontificate, one of the longest in the history of the Church, lasted nearly 27 years.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Driven by his pastoral solicitude for all Churches and by a sense of openness and charity to the entire human race, John Paul II exercised the Petrine ministry with a tireless missionary spirit, dedicating it all his energy. He made 104 pastoral visits outside Italy and 146 within Italy. As bishop of Rome he visited 317 of the city&#8217;s 333 parishes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He had more meetings than any of his predecessors with the People of God and the leaders of Nations. More than 17,600,000 pilgrims participated in the General Audiences held on Wednesdays (more than 1160), not counting other special audiences and religious ceremonies [more than 8 million pilgrims during the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000 alone], and the millions of faithful he met during pastoral visits in Italy and throughout the world. We must also remember the numerous government personalities he encountered during 38 official visits, 738 audiences and meetings held with Heads of State, and 246 audiences and meetings with Prime Ministers.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">His love for young people brought him to establish the World Youth Days. The 19 WYDs celebrated during his pontificate brought together millions of young people from all over the world. At the same time his care for the family was expressed in the World Meetings of Families, which he initiated in 1994.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">John Paul II successfully encouraged dialogue with the Jews and with the representatives of other religions, whom he several times invited to prayer meetings for peace, especially in Assisi.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">Under his guidance the Church prepared herself for the third millennium and celebrated the Great Jubilee of the year 2000 in accordance with the instructions given in the Apostolic Letter Tertio Millennio adveniente. The Church then faced the new epoch, receiving his instructions in the Apostolic Letter Novo Millennio ineunte, in which he indicated to the faithful their future path.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">With the Year of the Redemption, the Marian Year and the Year of the Eucharist, he promoted the spiritual renewal of the Church.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He gave an extraordinary impetus to Canonizations and Beatifications, focusing on countless examples of holiness as an incentive for the people of our time. He celebrated 147 beatification ceremonies during which he proclaimed 1,338 Blesseds; and 51 canonizations for a total of 482 saints. He made Th\u00e9r\u00e8se of the Child Jesus a Doctor of the Church.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He considerably expanded the College of Cardinals, creating 231 Cardinals (plus one in pectore) in 9 consistories. He also called six full meetings of the College of Cardinals.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He organized 15 Assemblies of the Synod of Bishops &#8211; six Ordinary General Assemblies (1980, 1983, 1987, 1990, 1994 and 2001), one Extraordinary General Assembly (1985) and eight Special Assemblies (1980,1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998 (2) and 1999).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">His most important Documents include 14 Encyclicals, 15 Apostolic Exhortations, 11 Apostolic Constitutions, 45 Apostolic Letters.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">He promulgated the Catechism of the Catholic Church in the light of Tradition as authoritatively interpreted by the Second Vatican Council. He also reformed the Eastern and Western Codes of Canon Law, created new Institutions and reorganized the Roman Curia.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">As a private Doctor he also published five books of his own: &#8220;Crossing the Threshold of Hope&#8221; (October 1994), &#8220;Gift and Mystery, on the fiftieth anniversary of my ordination as priest&#8221; (November 1996), &#8220;Roman Triptych&#8221; poetic meditations (March 2003), &#8220;Arise, Let us Be Going&#8221; (May 2004) and &#8220;Memory and Identity&#8221; (February 2005).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">In the light of Christ risen from the dead, on 2 April a.D. 2005, at 9.37 p.m., while Saturday was drawing to a close and the Lord&#8217;s Day was already beginning, the Octave of Easter and Divine Mercy Sunday, the Church&#8217;s beloved Pastor, John Paul II, departed this world for the Father.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">From that evening until April 8, date of the funeral of the late Pontiff, more than three million pilgrims came to Rome to pay homage to the mortal remains of the Pope. Some of them queued up to 24 hours to enter St. Peter&#8217;s Basilica.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">On April 28, the Holy Father Benedict XVI announced that the normal five-year waiting period before beginning the cause of beatification and canonization would be waived for John Paul II. The cause was officially opened by Cardinal Camillo Ruini, vicar general for the diocese of Rome, on June 28 2005. And the 1<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\"><sup>st <\/sup><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino;\">on May 2011, he has been proclamed blessed on the place Saint Peter of Rome in Vatican.<\/span><\/p><!--:--><p class=\"bawpvc-ajax-counter\" data-id=\"1236\"> (3107)<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"1236\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;10,420&nbsp;total views, &nbsp;3&nbsp;views today<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"> <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/vie-chretienne\/saints\/bienheureux-jean-paul-ii\/\" title=\"Bienheureux Jean-Paul IIBlessed John-Paul II\"><\/a><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"1236\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;10,420&nbsp;total views, &nbsp;3&nbsp;views today<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":285,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1236"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1236"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1236\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1879,"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1236\/revisions\/1879"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/syrieix.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}